Gorman v Fowkes
2012 NY Slip Op 05614 [97 AD3d 726]
July 18, 2012
Appellate Division, Second Department
Published by New York State Law Reporting Bureau pursuant to Judiciary Law § 431.
As corrected through Wednesday, August 22, 2012


Jason L. Gorman et al., Respondents,
v
William Fowkes, Also Known as Bill Fowkes, et al., Appellants.

[*1] Greenberg Freeman LLP, New York, N.Y. (Sanford H. Greenberg of counsel), for appellants.

Meltzer, Lippe, Goldstein & Breitstone, LLP, Mineola, N.Y. (Sigmund S. Semon of counsel), for respondents.

In an action, inter alia, to recover damages for breach of contract, the defendants appeal, as limited by their notice of appeal and brief, from so much of an order of the Supreme Court, Suffolk County (Pitts, J.), dated June 15, 2011, as denied those branches of their motion which were pursuant to CPLR 3211 (a) (1) and (7) to dismiss the third and fourth causes of action and that branch of their motion which was pursuant to CPLR 3211 (a) (7) to dismiss the second cause of action.

Ordered that the order is modified, on the law, by deleting the provisions thereof denying those branches of the defendants' motion which were pursuant to CPLR 3211 (a) (1) to dismiss the third and fourth causes of action, and substituting therefor provisions granting those branches of the motion; as so modified, the order is affirmed insofar as appealed from, without costs or disbursements.

A cause of action to recover damages for fraud will not lie where the only fraud claimed arises from the breach of a contract (see Selinger Enters., Inc. v Cassuto, 50 AD3d 766, 768 [2008]; Tiffany at Westbury Condominium v Marelli Dev. Corp., 40 AD3d 1073, 1076-1077 [2007]). A mere misrepresentation of an intent to perform under the contract is insufficient to sustain a cause of action to recover damages for fraud (see Selinger Enters., Inc. v Cassuto, 50 AD3d at 768; WIT Holding Corp. v Klein, 282 AD2d 527, 528 [2001]). " 'Conversely, a misrepresentation of material fact, [that] is collateral to the contract and serves as an inducement for the contract, is sufficient to sustain a cause of action alleging fraud' " (Selinger Enters., Inc. v Cassuto, 50 AD3d at 768, quoting WIT Holding Corp. v Klein, 282 AD2d at 528). Here, in support of their motion, the defendants submitted the parties' contract, which conclusively established that the alleged fraudulent misrepresentations at issue were not collateral or extraneous to the contract. Rather, the alleged misrepresentations amounted only to a misrepresentation of the intent or ability to perform under the contract. The plaintiffs' cause of action alleging fraud was wholly duplicative of the breach of contract claim (see Tiffany at Westbury Condominium v Marelli Dev. Corp., 40 AD3d at 1077). Accordingly, the Supreme Court should have granted that branch of the defendants' motion which was pursuant to CPLR 3211 (a) (1) to dismiss the third cause of action alleging fraud. [*2]

The Supreme Court also should have granted that branch of the defendants' motion which was pursuant to CPLR 3211 (a) (1) to dismiss the fourth cause of action to recover an attorney's fee. The general rule is that "[a]n attorney's fee is merely an incident of litigation and is not recoverable absent a specific contractual provision or statutory authority" (Levine v Infidelity, Inc., 2 AD3d 691, 692 [2003]; see Blair v O'Donnell, 85 AD3d 954, 956 [2011]), although there are exceptions to this general rule (see Matter of John T., 42 AD3d 459, 463 [2007]; Harradine v Board of Supervisors of Orleans County, 73 AD2d 118, 122 [1980]). Here, the contract did not provide for an award of an attorney's fee, and the plaintiffs did not rely on any statutory provision in seeking such an award. The plaintiffs failed to demonstrate the existence of "any lawful basis upon which such fees would be recoverable" (Dune Deck Owners Corp. v Liggett, 85 AD3d 1093, 1096 [2011]), and, accordingly, the Supreme Court should have granted that branch of the defendants' motion which was pursuant to CPLR 3211 (a) (1) to dismiss the fourth cause of action, to recover attorney's fees.

Contrary to the defendants' contentions, the complaint sufficiently stated a cause of action pursuant to Lien Law article 3-A (see generally Ippolito v TJC Dev., LLC, 83 AD3d 57 [2011]). Accordingly, the Supreme Court properly denied that branch of the defendants' motion which was pursuant to CPLR 3211 (a) (7) to dismiss the second cause of action pursuant to Lien Law article 3-A.

In light of our determination, we need not reach the defendants' remaining contentions. Rivera, J.P., Dickerson, Leventhal and Cohen, JJ., concur.