CRIMINAL JURY INSTRUCTIONS 2d
HISTORY OF CRIMINAL JURY INSTRUCTIONS and MODEL COLLOQUIES
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November 2020 |
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General Applicability Revised Instructions: Conclusions in Confession Instruction Consciousness of Guilt Prompt Outcry
Added Instructions: Defendant in Custody Witness Previously Hypnotized Penal Law Revised Instructions: PL 121.11 PL 210.40 PL 220.45 PL 220.48 PL 230.08 Added Instructions: PL 121.13-a PL 215.52(3) PL 265.10(3) PL 265.10(6) PL 490.27 PL 490.28 |
JUNE 2020 |
General Applicability Revised Instructions: Defense of Duress and Defense of Entrapment Added Instructions: Instruction to the jury when a combined bench and jury trial is to be conducted. Instruction to the Jury when a written set of final instructions is given to the jury. Model Colloquies Added Colloquy for: Arraignment on Special Information CPL 200.60 Model Instructions Revised Instruction for: Grand Jury Impanelment Penal Law Revised Instruction for: 130.95(2); 158.40-45-50; 190.05(2); 190.25(1); 200.00, and 265.01(2). Added Instruction for: 120.04(4); 120.04(6); 130.53; 158.30; 176.15-20-25-30; 210.05; 210.10; 210.15: added separate instructions for Perjury by Inconsistent Statements and revised the perjury charges for a single statement to delete references to perjury by inconsistent statements and to make some minor conforming amendments; 215.51(d); 220.44; 220.55; and 265.50(2).
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December 2019 |
General Applicability Modification of Delay in Arraignment section of Confessions. Added a section to the Credibility charge re: A Judge Found Witness Testified Falsely
Penal Law Added Instructions: 176.75 [Staging A Motor Vehicle Accident in the Second Degree] 176.80 [Staging A Motor Vehicle Accident First Degree] 205.19 [Absconding from a Community Treatment Facility] 221.10 [Unlawful Possession of Marihuana in the Second Degree] 230.11 [Aggravaed Patronizing a Minor for Prostitution in the Third Degree] 230.12 [Aggravated Patronizing a Minor for Prostitution in the Second Degree] 230.13 [Aggravated Patronizing a Minor for Prostitution in the First Degree] 240.10 [Unlawful Assembly] 245.15 [Unlawful Dissemination or Publication of an Intimate Image] 265.01-c [Criminal Possession of a Rapid-Fire Modification Device] 265.45 [Failure to Safely Store Rifles, Shotguns, and Firearms in the first degree] 265.55(2) [Criminal Possession of an Undetectable Firearm, Rifle or Shotgun]
Revised or modified instructions : Penal Law §§ 165.15(3); 170.40(1); 170.75; 205.17; 496.02-03-04-05; and the Extreme Emotional Disturbance defense to conform to a statutory change.
Added Model Colloquy: Inquiry on Statement of Ready for Trial
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JUNE 2019 |
General Applicability
Added Instruction: Amonitions to and for Multiple Juries Penal Law
Gravity Knife: The prohibition on possession of a gravity knife was repealed. L. 2019, c. 34. Accordingly, the term “gravity knife” has been deleted from the definition of “deadly weapon” and from other instructions that included that term.
Added Instructions: 120.03(3) Vehicular Assault 2 (all-terrain vehicle) 120.03(3) Vehicular Assault 2 (snowmobile) 125.12(3) Vehicular Manslaughter 2 (all-terrain vehicle) 125.12(3) Vehicular Manslaughter 2 (snowmobile) 130.95(2); 130.95(3) 165-15(12) 190.70 195.16 220.65(2) 240.55(1) Revised Instructions 120.05(3) 130.25(3); 130.67 140.10(c); 140.10(d) 265.11
Model Instructions Juror admonitions on bias and prejudice have been enhanced in Voir Dire Instructions, Preliminary Instructions, Final Instructions, and Grand Jury Impanelment Instructions.
Verdict Sheets Added: Verdict Sheet for the Affirmative Defense: Insanity Model Colloquy Added: Arraignment for Sentence on DV Notice
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JANUARY 2019 |
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The folder “Certain Former Crimes” has been deleted. The content of that folder has been distributed to the folder of the pertinent crime and index at the end of the Table of Contents of that folder.
GENERAL APPLICATION Revised: Adverse Inference for Destroyed Evidence. Causation for assault and homicide charges.
Agriculture and Markets Law Revised: AML section 353 (Injuring an Animal).
Penal Law New Instructions for Penal Law sections: 125.26(1)(a) (ii-a) - Aggravated Murder 145.05(2) – Criminal Mischief 165.16(1) - Unauthorized Sale of Transportation Services 176.45, 50, 55, 60, 65 - Life Settlement Fraud. 190.75 – Use of Access Device 2. 190.76 – Use of Access Device 1. 190.79(3) - Identity theft and thereby commits felony. 190.80(3) - Identity theft and thereby commits D+ felony. 230.03 – Prostitution in a School Zone 230.08 – Patronizing a Person for Prostitution in a School Zone 230.19 – Promoting Prostitution in a School Zone 230.34-a - Sex Trafficking of a Child 250.55 – Dissemination of Unlawful Surveillance Image 2 250.60(1) – Dissemination of Unlawful Surveillance Image 1 250.60(2) – Dissemination of Unlawful Surveillance Image 1 260.20(1) - Unlawfully dealing with a child 260.35 – Misrepresentation by caregiver Revised Instructions for Penal Law sections: 120.16 - Hazing 1 120.17 - Hazing 2 125.26(1)(a) (i), (ii) and (iii) - Aggravated Murder 140.10(c) – Criminal Trespass 3 140.10(d) 140.10(e) 140.10(d) 230.01 - Affirmative Defense Model Colloquies Voir Dire: Suggested Questions
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SEPTEMBER 2018 |
Added a Model Colloquy for Responding to a Jury Note. Moved from Appendix of Plea of Guilty to Table of Contents: Plea of Guilty (Abbreviated for non-felony)
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AUGUST 2018 |
Penal Law
Added a charge for Penal Law sections: 120.14(3); 120.50(1); 120.50(2); 120.50(4); 120.55(2); 120.55(3); 120.60(2) 125.13(4) 165.07 220.34(8).
Revised Penal Law art. 105, conspiracy charges.
Revised Penal Law sections: 120.60(1); 125.12(1); 125.27-1-a-x; 125-27-1-a-xi; 130.25-1; 130.40-3; 130.52-2; 160.10; 190.78(1); 265.03 (3). Moved charges on Criminal Liability of Corporations from the charges of General Applicability to the charges for Penal Law offenses, under article 20.
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APRIL 2018 |
Instructions of General Applicability
Each charge of General Applicability may now be obtained in a WORD document format (docx) by clicking on the underscored name of the charge and following the instructions to download the charge in the WORD format.
Added Instructions of General Applicability: Multiple Separate Transaction of the same crime
Revised General Applicability Instructions:
Sample Charges
Each Sample Charge (Grand jury impanelment instruction; Voir dire instructions; Preliminary instructions; and Final Instructions) may now be obtained in a WORD document format (docx) by clicking on the underscored name of the charge and following the instructions to download the charge in the WORD format.
Agriculture and Markets Law
Penal Law
Added Penal Law Charge:
Revised Penal Law Charges: The opening paragraph of the definition of "criminal negligence" in assault in the third degree and aggravated criminally negligent homicide was moved to the end of that definition and the definition was otherwise conformed to the paragraph at the end of the definition of “criminal negligence” in the charge for criminally neglient homicide (Penal Law § 125.10).
Model Colloquies
Added Model Colloquies: Arraignment of a felony complaint
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JANUARY 2018 |
The CJI2d Committee celebrates its 25 th Anniversary this year. The Committee has accordingly decided to embark on a systematic and comprehensive review of all its jury instructions. As part of the review of the charges, the format for the instruction for an offense will undergo a couple of simplifications:
First, the introduction to the definitions presently reads:
That introduction will be revised to read:
Second, the concluding paragraphs presently reads:
Those paragraphs will be revised by striking the introductory word(s) and the unnecessary repetition of the name of the crime; thus, the conclusion will read:
In recognition of the Unified Court System’s switch form WordPerfect to Word, CJI2d will start the process of providing a link to a CJI charge in a Word format. Thus, in this January 2018 publication, we begin by providing a Word document for each charge of General Applicability. Simply click on the name of the charge and a Word document will be provided.
The instructions which have been added or revised in the January 2018 publication are as follows:
GENERAL APPLICABILITY CHARGES: Added a limiting Instruction for “hearsay” statement not admitted for its truth. Added an instruction on the jury’s utilization of a transcript of a recording. Revised the instructions for Identification to accord with the Court of Appeals decision on cross-racial identification. Revised Justification charges as relates to informing the jury how to consider counts charging same.
AGRICULTURE & MARKETS LAW: Added section 353 and 353-a relating to animal cruelty.
PENAL LAW: Added: 120-03(1); 195.15(3) Revised: 120.04(1); 125.12(1); 170.05 to and through 170.30; and 190.25(1).
MODEL CHARGES: Revised: Grand Jury Impanelment charge.
MODEL VERDICT SHEETS: Revised Affirmative Defense Verdict Sheet.
"TERRITORIAL JURISDICTION" AND "VENUE" NOTE: A note on “territorial Jurisdiction” and “venue” has been added to the Preface and the Appendix. That note reads as follows; “The Committee on Criminal Jury Instructions recognizes that the law does not required “venue” in a particular county to be proved beyond a reasonable doubt; venue need only be proven by a preponderance of the evidence. People v. Moore, 46 NY2d 1, 6 (1978). Because venue is, however, normally certain, to avoid a separate charge for venue in each charge, venue is included in the items to be proved beyond a reasonable doubt. If, however, venue is in issue, the trial court should strike the reference to the County in the elements, and insert the instruction on “venue” in CJI2d[NY] General Applicability, Geographical Jurisdiction, County Venue. If the “territorial jurisdiction” of the State of New York is in issue, that must be proved beyond a reasonable doubt [People v. McLaughlin, 80 NY2d 466(1992)] and the trial court should insert the instruction on “territorial jurisdiction” in CJI2d[NY] General Applicability, Geographical Jurisdiction, Territorial Jurisdiction.” |
APRIL 2017 |
Penal Law Revision of section 265.01 (1): addition of Possession of Per Se Knife. |
JUNE 2017 |
Instructions of General Applicability Revision of Confession to add section on failure to record a statement (CPL 60.45)
The following charges have been copied from the Model Charges to appear separately in the Instructions of General Applicability section: Inconsistent Statements
Model Charges Revision of Final Instructions to add an example to Evidentiary Inferences instruction. Penal Law Addition of section 120.05 (13) Education Law Addition of section 6512 (1)
Model Colloquies Alternate Plea of Guilty for a non-Felony offense set forth in the Appendix to Plea of Guilty Waiver of Right to Appeal instruction has been copied from the Plea of Guilty charge to appear separately in the table of contents. |
FEBRUARY, 2017 |
Penal Law Addition of article 178: sections 178.10; 178.15 (1); 178.20; and 178.25 |
JANUARY, 2017 |
Instructions of General Applicability
Added charges for: Closed-Circuit TV Testimony (CPL 65.30) Penal Law Revision of sections 120.05 (3) and 120.05 (11) |
JULY, 2016 |
Instructions of General Applicability Revision of Justification: In Defense of a Person: Physical Force; Penal Law Revision of section 130.52 (1); Public Health Law Addition of section 3383 (2) |
FEBRUARY 2016 |
Instructions of General Applicability Revision of Jury Admonitions and Separation Instructions Penal Law Revision of section:125.25 (3) Felony Murder Addition of sections: Revision of section 265.03 (3) - Possession of Loaded Firearm Not in Home or Place of Business Model Verdict Sheets Addition of a Verdict Sheet for when Justification is charged Vehicle and Traffic Law Addition of section 509 (1)
MODEL COLLOQUIES Addition of the following scripts as a guide for judges in variouis proceedings. Admonition-Bail |
JULY 2015 |
Instruction of General Applicability Revision of Confession Addition of Corporate Liability: Conduct of a High Managerial Agent (PL § 20.20 [2] [b]) and Conduct of Agent (PL § 20.20 [2] [c]) Addition of Interpreters Penal Law Addition of sections: 20.20 (2) (b) and 20.20 (2) (c) |
JANUARY 2015 |
Instructions of General Applicability Revision of Defenses: Justification - Physical Force Model Charges Revision of Grand Jury Impanelment Penal Law Revision of sections 120.05 (3) and 120.05 (11) Vehicle and Traffic Law Revision of section 1192(1), (2-a[b]), and (3) |
JUNE 2014 |
PENAL LAW Revision of article 115 VEHICLE & TRAFFIC LAW Addition of section 600 (2)(a) (A misdemeanor) Added VTL 1198(9)(d) MODEL VERDICT SHEETS Revision of Verdict Sheet for Enterprise Corruption |
FEBRUARY 2014 |
GENERAL CHARGES Instructions of General Applicability & Model Charges: Model Verdict Sheets: Revision of Affirmative Defense of Extreme Emotional Disturbance [PL § 125.25 (1) (a)] Instructions of General Applicability: Addition of Adverse Inference - Destroyed Evidence PENAL LAW Revision of sections 195.05; and 195.07 VEHICLE & TRAFFIC LAW Revision of sections 511 (2) (a) (i); and 511 (2) (a) (ii) |
JUNE 2013 |
PENAL LAW Addition of Penal Law sections: 120.05 (11-a); 240.30(4) [former 240.30(4) renumbered 240.30(5); 260.24; 265.01-a; 265.01-b (1) and (2); 265.19; 460.22. Revision of Penal Law sections: 120.05 (11); 130.95 (1)(b); 140.10 (g); 155.30 (9); 170.20; 170.25; 170.30; 170.45(2); 195.05; 195.07; 215.51 (b) (v); 240.30 (4); 240.30 (5) [formerly 240.30(4)]; 260.25; 263.15; 265.01(1); 265.01(4); 265.11(1). Revision of "Additional Charges" for Penal Law sections: 265.00(3); 265.15 (3). |
JANUARY 2013 |
GENERAL CHARGES Addition of an Adverse Inference for missing Rosario material. Revision of Justified Force: In Defense of a Person - Deadly Physical Force PENAL LAW Addition of Penal Law section 120.05(3-a) Revision of Penal Law section 120.05(3), Penal Law article 140 charges, and Penal Law sections 125.14(1); 125.14(4); 125.14(5); 125.14(7). VEHICLE & TRAFFIC LAW Revision of Reckless Driving, VTL 1212 |
JUNE 2012 |
GENERAL CHARGES Addition of: Justification, Emergency Measure [PL § 35.05(2)]; Witness or Victim of Overdose [PL § 220.78] Expert: Crime Victims Syndrome Discharge and Substitution of Juror PENAL LAW Addition of Penal Law section 120.09 Revision of Penal Law article 130, and sections 125.25; 140.25; 140.30;155.30 156.35; 160.15;176.10; 176.15; 220.03; 260.32(1) - (4) SEX OFFENDER REGISTRATION Revision of Correction Law section 168-t |
JANUARY 2012 |
GENERAL CHARGES Revision of Accomplice, Confession, Identification. PENAL LAW Revision of Penal Law sections: 240.32, 260.34, 265.03(1)(b). Revision of Claim of Right defense. Addition of Penal Law article 121. VEHICLE & TRAFFIC LAW Addition of VTL sections: 1198(7)(b); 1198(9)(a, b, and c) |
JULY 2011 |
PENAL LAW Revision of Penal Law sections: 130.55, 130.60, 130.65, and 260.32(4). |
JUNE 2011 |
PENAL LAW Addition of Penal Law article 121 and Penal Law section 200.55 |
MAY 2011 |
PENAL LAW Addition of Penal Law sections: 125.13(1); 240.26 Revision of Penal Law sections: 120.05(3); 120.05(11); 120.10(2) |
AUGUST 2010 |
PENAL LAW Addition of Penal Law sections: 125.13(6); 125.14(1); 125.14(3); 125.14(4); 125.14(5); 125.14(6); 125.14(7); 125.26(2); 220.48; 220.77(1); 220.77(2); 220.77(3); 240.70(1)(a) and (b); 240.70(1)( c); 240.70(1)(d); 240.71; 240.72; 240.73. Addition of Other Crimes: Vehicle and Traffic Law 1192(2-a)(a) and (b). Revision of Charges: Penal Law 125.12(1); Vehicle and Traffic Law 511(3)(a)(ii). |
JANUARY 2010 |
PENAL LAW Addition of Penal Law sections: 145.00(4); 156.26(2); 156.29 Revision of Penal Law sections: 145.00(1); 145.00(3); 145.05; 145.10; 145.12 GENERAL CHARGES Addition to Grand Jury Charge Addition to Jury Separation During Deliberations Charge |
JULY, 2009 |
PENAL LAW Addition of Penal Law sections: 120.70(1); 155.30(11); 156.26(2); 156.29; 165.45(7); 190.25(4); 190.65(1)( c); 190.80-a; 200.55; 240.31(5); 263.30(1)(a); 263.30(1)(b). Added an Additional Charge to explain difference between Depraved Indifference Murder and Reckless Manslaughter (Death of Child); Added an Additional Charge for Aggregate Value of Stolen Property and revised Penal Law sections 155.30(1), 155.35, 155.40(1), 155.42 (Grand Larceny of a Specified Amount– revised to include reference to Additional Charge for Aggregate Value of Stolen Property). And revised Penal Law sections: 156.26(1)( renumbered, formerly 156.26); 156.30(1); 156.30(2); 190.26(1); 240.30(1) |
JUNE, 2009 |
GENERAL CHARGES Revision of Jury Admonitions. PENAL LAW Addition of Penal Law section: 120.05(12) Revision of Penal Law sections: 120.55(1); 125.10; 135.60 OTHER CRIMES Revision of Vehicle and Traffic Law section: 1212 |
JANUARY, 2009 |
PENAL LAW Revision of Penal Law sections: 140.25(1)(c); 140.30(3); 145.00(1); 145.00(3); 145.05; 145.10; 145.12; 160.15(3); 230.25(1) OTHER CRIMES Revision of Vehicle and Traffic Law § 1212 |
SEPTEMEBER, 2008 |
PENAL LAW Penal Law 135.35 |
JULY, 2008 |
FULL SAMPLE CHARGES Preliminary Instructions Verdict Sheets PENAL LAW Penal Law sections: 230.34(1), 230.34(2), 230.34(3), 230.34(3), 230.34(4), 230.34(5), 490.37, 490.40(1), 490.40(2), 490.45(1), 490.45(2), 490.45(3), 490.47, 490.50, 490.55(1), 490.55(2), 490.55(3) |
JANUARY, 2008 |
GENERAL CHARGES Voir Dire. Final Instructions. Identification-One Witness and Identification- Witness Plus, each revised to include instructions on identification expert. Lesser Included Offense PENAL LAW Penal Law sections: 220.28, 230.25(1), 230.04 (Note: 230.03 has been repealed), 265.01(3),270.25, 270.30, 270.35 OTHER CRIMES Vehicle and Traffic Law sections— The definition of “operation” was revised in the following charges: 511(1)(a), 511(2)(a)(I), 511(2)(a)(ii), 511(3)(a)(ii), 1192(1), 1192(2), 1192(3), 1192(4) and 1192(4-a). 1212 was revised to provide more direction as to optional terms. |
JUNE, 2007 |
PENAL LAW Penal Law sections: 125.25(5), 130.91, 156.05 to 156.25, 158.05 to .35, 165.15, 177.05 to 177.30, 220.18, 220.21(1), 220.34(7), 220.44(2), 235.22, 255.26, 255.27, 260.00 to 260.34. |
JANUARY, 2007 |
GENERAL CHARGES Disruptive Defendant PENAL LAW Penal Law sections: 120.02, 120.10, 120.25, 125.25(2), 125.25(4), 125.26, 130.95(1)(a), 130.95(1)(b), 130.96, 230.33, 255.25, 240.31(3), 240.31(4), 255.25, 265.02(3), 265.02(5)(i), 265.03(2), 265.04(1), 265.04(2), 265.12(1), 265.12(2), 265.13(1), 265.13(2). Penal Law article 125, Additional Charges, Depraved Indifference Murder and Reckless Manslaughter Explained. OTHER CRIMES Vehicle and Traffic Law sections: 511(1)(a), 511(2)(a)( i), 511(2)(a)(ii), 1192(4-a) |
AUGUST, 2006 |
GENERAL CHARGES Absent Defendant Jury Questions Justification of Person by Physical Force Pro-se Defendant Temporary Possession Voluntary Possession Venue; Jurisdiction of the State PENAL LAW Penal Law sections: 120.14(1), 120.18, 125.11, 125.21, 125.22, 220.72, 220.73, 220.74, 220.75, 220.76, 265.02(4), 265.03(2). Defense of Claim of Right to Larceny. OTHER CRIMES Vehicle and Traffic Law section: 511(3)(ii). |
APRIL & JUNE, 2006 |
PENAL LAW Revision of Penal Law sections 120.25, 125.25(2), 125.25(4) Revision of Penal Law article 125, Additional Charge, Murder and Reckless Manslaughter Explained. |
JANUARY, 2006 |
GENERAL CHARGES Corroboration of an Unsworn Witness Corroboration of a Witness Mentally Incapable of Consent to Sex Corroboration of a Confession Recent, Exclusive Possession Pre-summation Instruction PENAL LAW Revision of Penal Law sections 120.03 and 125.12. Addition of Penal Law sections 220.70, 220.71, 250.45, 250.50. OTHER CRIMES Correction Law 168t (Sex Offense Registration Act) |
JUNE, 2005 |
GENERAL CHARGES Accomplice by law Accomplice by fact Consciousness of Guilt Deadlocked Jury Deliberations Duress Expert Re Drug Trafficking Intoxication Justification: Arson Justification: Burglary Justification: Criminal Trespass Justification: Damage to Premises Molineux Witness Refusal to Answer Witness Testimony Stricken PENAL LAW Revised: Murder 1 per Penal Law 125.27(1)(a)(xi) Affirmative Defense for Penal Law 130.55 Verdict Sheet for Enterprise Corruption VEHICLE AND TRAFFIC LAW Leaving the Scene, as a felony Leaving the Scene, as a misdemeanor |
FEBRUARY, 2005 |
GENERAL CHARGES Multiple Defendants |
DECEMBER, 2004 |
GENERAL CHARGES Character Evidence Indictment Not Evidence Deliberation + Verdict Procedures: Jury Deliberations Verdict Sheet Jury Conduct: Role of Court + Jury Motive Statement, Admission, Confession PENAL LAW Additional Charge on Distinction Between Depraved Indifference Murder and Reckless Manslaughter, Penal Law article 125. Penal Law: 240.05; 240.06; 240.08. 265.01(6); 265.08(1); 265.08(2); 265.09(1)(b). 460.20(1)(b); 460.20(1)(c) OTHER CRIMES Vehicle and Traffic Law 600(1) ff |
AUGUST, 2004 |
GENERAL CHARGES "Deliberation Procedures" charges were added to cover Exhibits-Readback-Law and the Foreperson. Accessorial Liability charge was revised. PENAL LAW Criminal Impersonation in the First Degree. Bribe Giving and Receiving for Public Office. Enterprise Corruption. Disseminating Indecent Material to Minors. Charges for the following crimes were revised: Depraved indifference murder. Criminal Impersonation in the Second Degree charges. Capital charges dealing with witness elimination. OTHER CRIMES Vehicle and Traffic Law 1192(4)(Driving under influence of drugs) Vehicle and Traffic Law 1212 (Reckless Driving) Charges for Vehicle and Traffic Law 1192 (1) (2) (3) were revised to account for the amendments effective July 1, 2003. FORMER CRIMES The Vehicle and Traffic Law 1192 charges in effect prior to July 1, 2003 were added. |
MAY, 2004 |
GENERAL CHARGES A charge was added for the affirmative defense of insanity. PENAL LAW CHARGES Charges have been added for crimes defined in the following Penal Law articles: 135, 205, 225, 265. |
JANUARY, 2004 |
PENAL LAW CHARGES Penal Law article 130 was revised to accord with November, 2003, amendments. FORMER CRIMES Charges were posted for the former Penal Law article 130 crimes and other former crimes. |
DECEMBER, 2003 |
GENERAL CHARGES Missing Witness charge was added. PENAL LAW CHARGES Penal Law article 120 charges on Stalking have been revised to reflect the decision in People v. Stuart,100 NY2d 412 (2003). Charges have been added for crimes defined in the following Penal Law articles: 120, 165, 170, 195, 205, 215, 220, 225, 255, 265. |
SEPTEMBER, 2003 |
PENAL LAW CHARGES Charges have been added for crimes defined in the following Penal Law articles: 156, 180, 215, 230. Charges have been added for crimes defined in the following Penal Law sections: 120.05(11) 140.10(b), & 140.17(2) 165.10(2), & 165.11 170.70(1)+(2)+(3)(a)+(b) 175.20, 170.25, 170.40, 170.45(1), 170.45(2) 265-03(1)+(3) 270.20(1) Charges have also been added concerning: Affirmative Defense to Suicide Affirmative Defense to Sex Offenses Corroboration of Sex Offenses |