| Downing v Charos |
| 2007 NY Slip Op 52399(U) [18 Misc 3d 1104(A)] |
| Decided on December 19, 2007 |
| Supreme Court, Suffolk County |
| Spinner, J. |
| Published by New York State Law Reporting Bureau pursuant to Judiciary Law § 431. |
| This opinion is uncorrected and will not be published in the printed Official Reports. |
John M. Downing Jr.,
Plaintiff,
against Peter Charos and Eileen Charos, Defendants. |
ORDERED, that the application of Defendants is hereby granted to the extent set
forth herein below; and the application of Plaintiff is hereby denied in all respects.
Defendants move this Court for an Order:
1.Pursuant to CPLR 3212, granting Defendants summary judgment in their favor,
dismissing all 11 Causes of Action comprising Plaintiff's Amended Complaint as against
Defendants;
2.Pursuant to 22 NYCRR § 130-1.1(c), granting Defendants their reasonable
attorney fees, plus all disbursements, in this action as and for sanctions based on the frivolous
nature of the claims asserted by Plaintiff herein.
Plaintiff cross-moves this Court for an Order, pursuant to CPLR 3212, granting
summary judgment in favor of Plaintiff, directing that the subject building be removed, or, in the
alternative, striking the Affirmative Defenses and Counterclaim, and pursuant to CPLR 3212(c),
directing an immediate trial for assessment of damages of Plaintiff herein.
Plaintiff is the owner of a parcel of property adjacent to the parcel owned by
Defendants, upon which Defendants built a two-story structure, the ground floor of which is a
two car garage, and the upper floor of which is an accessory apartment, said structure being
located 25 feet from Plaintiff's property line. Plaintiff has alleged 11 Causes of Action in his
Amended Complaint against Defendants, adeptly summarized by Counsel for Defendants, as
follows:
1.Violation of Southampton Town Code § 330, based on alleged zoning
violations;
2.Misrepresentations in Defendants' December 2002 building permit application;
3.Violation of alleged covenants and restrictions intended to benefit Plaintiff's
property;
4.Creation of a purported private nuisance because the garage is allegedly unsightly,
dilapidated, and unreasonably close to Plaintiff's property;
[*2]
5.Violation of Southampton Town Code §
330-168 for, among other reasons, allegedly diminishing the character, historical interest and
general welfare of the neighborhood and Town;
6.Violation of Southampton Town Code § 330-170, because the building
application was allegedly not approved or referred to the Town's Architectural Review Board or
Planning Board;
7.Violation of Southampton Town Code § 330-171, because the structure
allegedly diminishes and detracts from the character of the Town;
8.Violation of Southampton Town Code § 330-175, because allegedly no
permit was issued for the building indicating it was designed and intended to conform in all
respects to the provisions of Town Code § 330;
9.Violation of Southampton Town Code § 123-9, because of the alleged
inaccurate or incomplete building permit application;
10.Violation of Southampton "Pyramid Law";
11.Requesting a permanent injunction and removal of the building, based on its
allegedly substantial interference with Plaintiff's use and enjoyment of his property.
In answer thereto, Defendants have alleged 9 Affirmative Defenses, as follows:
1.Complaint fails to state a cause of action upon which relief can be granted;
2.Plaintiff's claims were not commenced within applicable statutes of limitations;
3.Plaintiff failed to appeal the issuance of the building permits for the structure in
question to the Zoning Board of Appeals within the applicable statutory thirty-day period;
4.Plaintiff failed to commence a proceeding under CPLR Article 78 within the
applicable statutory period, in order to challenge the permits and certificates issued for the
structures in question;
5.Plaintiff's causes of action must be dismissed as a result of Plaintiff's laches;
6.Plaintiff has no standing to maintain this action;
7.Plaintiff has no standing to commence or maintain this action under Town Law
§ 268;
8.Plaintiff has failed to exhaust his administrative remedies;
9.The allegations of Plaintiff's Complaint are false and known to be false by
Plaintiff;
And one Counterclaim, as follows:
1.Costs, reasonable attorney fees and sanctions to be paid by Plaintiff to Defendants.
First, this Court looks to Town Law § 268, attached to Plaintiff's
Cross-Motion. Subsection 2 thereof clearly states that, "...upon the failure or refusal of the proper
local official, board or body of the town to institute any such appropriate action or proceeding for
a period of ten days after written request by a resident taxpayer of the town so to proceed, any
THREE taxpayers of the town residing in the district wherein such violation
exists, who are jointly or severally aggrieved by such violation, may institute such appropriate
action or proceeding in like manner as such local officer, board or body of the town is authorized
to do." (Emphasis added). This clearly speaks to the 1st, 2nd, 5th, 6th, 7th, 8th, 9th and 10th
Causes of Action of Plaintiff's Complaint.
It is clear that there are not three Plaintiffs herein, as required by the statute, only
Plaintiff DOWNING. Therefore, said Plaintiff lacks standing, as pointed out by Defendants, to
commence or maintain this action under Town Law § 268, "...to prevent such unlawful
erection, [*3]construction, reconstruction, alteration, conversion,
maintenance, use or division of land, to restrain, correct or abate such violation, to prevent the
occupancy of said building, structure, or land or to prevent any illegal act, conduct, business or
use in or about such premises...". Plaintiff, instead, chose to stand alone in this action against the
violations he alleges, so even if the Court deemed his allegations true, he would still lack
standing to commence and maintain the action herein. Therefore, this Court has determined that
Plaintiff's 1st, 2nd, 5th, 6th, 7th, 8th, 9th and 10th Causes of Action must be dismissed.
In Point I of their Reply Memorandum of Law, Defendants argue that Plaintiff's
Causes of Action are untimely. The Court views this as a rebuttal specifically to the 1st, 2nd, 5th,
6th, 7th, 8th, 9th and 10th Causes of Action of Plaintiff's Complaint. As adeptly pointed out by
Defendant's Counsel, Town Law § 267(3), and § 69-25 of the Code of the Town of
Southampton, delegates exclusive authority to the Zoning Board of Appeals to "...review any
order, requirement, decision or determination made by an administrative official charged with the
enforcement of any ordinance...". There is nothing in the record herein demonstrating that
Plaintiff made such an application to the Town of Southampton Zoning Board of Appeals. In
Engert v Phillips, 150 AD2d 752 [2 Dept 1989], a matter similar to the instant
case before this Court, neighbors sued for an injunction of alleged violations, seeking revocation
of building permits and demolition of the structure. The Court therein dismissed the action,
finding that the matter was governed by a four-month statute of limitations. In that case, the
neighbors had also never sought administrative review of the Building Department's
determination, and the Court declared that the neighbors could not then challenge same before
the Court, as they had failed to exhaust their administrative remedies (See: Radano v
Town of Huntington, 281 AD 682 94 [1952]; White v Plandome
Manor, 190 AD2d 854 [2 Dept 1993]). Therefore, this Court has determined that
Plaintiff's 1st, 2nd, 5th, 6th, 7th, 8th, 9th and 10th Causes of Action must be dismissed.
In reference to Plaintiff's 2nd Cause of Action, wherein Plaintiff alleges that
Defendants made misrepresentations in their building permit application, the Court further notes
that Defendants have set forth a history of the application which demonstrates that same was
amended, and that the Town of Southampton in fact issued an Amended Building Permit, which
specifically identified the second floor of the proposed structure as an accessory apartment,
further reflected in the Town's tax records, which notes the 576 sq ft of living space within the
garage structure. Therefore, this Court has determined that Plaintiff's 2nd Cause of Action must
be dismissed.
In Point II of their Reply Memorandum of Law, Defendants argue, in response to the
3rd Cause of Action of Plaintiff's Complaint, that the cited Covenants and Restrictions do not
apply to the subject premises. Defendants set forth facts demonstrating that, while their deed
derives from Joseph T Kennedy Sr and Lillian M Kennedy, whose title derives from Bertha
Torstenson, Plaintiff's deed also derives from Joseph Kennedy and Lillian Kennedy, but their
deed to said premises derives from John J Crawley, not Bertha Torstenson, and the Covenants
and Restrictions recited in the Crawley deed and that chain of title have nothing to do with the
Torstenson deed and that parallel chain of title, even though the Kennedys appear in the two
separate chains of title. The lot owned by Defendants were not formed by the same subdivision
which formed Plaintiff's lot, and therefore Plaintiff's lot is not entitled to claim a benefit from, or
enforce covenants and restrictions against the unrelated lots of Defendants (See: Realis
[*4]Development v Newberger, 6 AD3d 599 [2 Dept
2004]). Therefore, this Court has determined that Plaintiff's 3rd Cause of Action must be
dismissed.
In Point III of their Reply Memorandum of Law, Defendants argue, in response to
the 4th Cause of Action of Plaintiff's Complaint, that Plaintiff's claim for nuisance is unsupported
and untimely. Leaving the timeliness issue behind, Defendants' Counsel adeptly points out that
this Cause of Action is based on allegations (Amended Complaint, Paragraph 84: unreasonable
and excessive noise; Amended Complaint, Paragraph 88: offensive and noxious conduct; and
unsightly and dilapidated structure), none of which are supported by proof or specific instances,
times and dates. A nuisance claim requires a showing of intentional interference with the right to
use and enjoyment of property (See: Weinberg v Lombardi, 217 AD2d 579
[1995]). Furthermore, the Court notes that: all of the conduct complained of are not unusual
emanating from a garage (set forth in Plaintiff's Cross-Motion as "all of the noise, door-shuttings,
smoking, garbage disposal, radio playing, car parking, waste systems" and further reference to
the starting of a motorcycle); the set-back of the garage from the property line has less of an
impact on its proximity to the house on Plaintiff's property than the non-conforming set-back of
the house from its own property line (due to the undersized area of Plaintiff's lot); and Plaintiff
has presented no proof that there has been any depreciation in the value of his property over the
past 4 years, let alone the relationship of any depreciation to the alleged conduct complained of.
While Plaintiff puts great reliance on his interpretation of Zupa v Paradise Point, 22 AD3d
843 [2 Dept 2005], the Court looks to Ruscito v Swaine Inc, 17 AD3d 560 [2 Dept 2005], wherein
the Appellate Division asserted a strongly worded opinion that seems directly on point herein,
stating:
"The Supreme Court properly determined that the plaintiffs failed to adduce legally
sufficient evidence that might have justified a verdict in their favor and against any of the
defendants on a theory of private nuisance or otherwise. "Here, there was no indication that
plaintiffs were prohibited from using or enjoying their property or that defendants exercised
unreasonable control over the property. In addition, as the defendants' fence did not interfere with
plaintiffs' right to light or air, such allegations did not form a sufficient basis for a private
nuisance claim" (Christenson v Gutman, 249 AD2d 805... [1998]; see
RPAPL 843, 841; Kolodziej v Martin, 249 AD2d 941... [1998]; cf.
Saperstein v Berman, 119 Misc 205... [1922]).
There is no merit to the plaintiffs' argument to the extent that it rests on the premise
that the mere presence, on the adjoining property, of unsightly dumpsters, an abandoned icebox,
"automobile hulks," or a "hideous rampart of dirt," without more, would give rise to a valid cause
of action on a theory of private nuisance (see Dugway, Ltd v Fizzinoglia, 166
AD2d 836... [1990]; 81 NY Jur 2d, Nuisances § 33). "[T]hings merely disagreeable,
however, which simply displease the eye . . . no matter how irritating or unpleasant, are not
nuisances" (Dugway, Ltd v Fizzinoglia, supra at 837, quoting 81 NY Jur 2d
§ 17 ; see Valley Cts v Newton, 47 Misc 2d 1028... [1965];
Metropolitan Life Ins Co v Moldoff, 187 Misc 458... [1946], aff'd 272
App Div 1039...[1947], see also Demarest v Hardham, 34 NJ Eq 469 [1881]).
There is similarly no merit to the plaintiffs' argument that a cause of action alleging private
nuisance may be asserted merely because the presence of certain structures on their neighbors'
property might render their own property less conspicuous from the roadway (see generally
Acme Theatres v State of New York, [*5]26 NY2d
385... [1970])."
Therefore, this Court has determined that Plaintiff's 4th Cause of Action must be
dismissed.
In Point IV of their Reply Memorandum of Law, Defendants argue, in response to
the 11th Cause of Action of Plaintiff's Complaint, that Plaintiff's claim for a permanent
injunction is without merit. While Counsel for Defendants accurately points out that a permanent
injunction is a drastic remedy, which may be granted only where the moving party demonstrates
they will suffer irreparable harm absent such relief (See: Icy Splash Food & Beverage, Inc v Henchel, 14 AD3d
595 [2 Dept 2005]; Kane v Walsh, 295 NY 198 [1946]), the Court further
notes that, with the dismissal of Plaintiff's other 10 Causes of Action herein above, including that
for private nuisance, wherein Plaintiff's claim of loss of use and enjoyment of his property was
dismissed for lack of any proof having been alleged thereof, which claim is at the foundation of
the request for the injunction herein, there are no longer any allegations upon which this Court
could grant said injunction. Therefore, this Court has determined that Plaintiff's 11th Cause of
Action must be dismissed, and all 11 Causes of Action of Plaintiff's Complaint having been
dismissed, said Complaint must be dismissed and this action disposed.
Defendants' application herein also requests relief granting them reimbursement for
reasonable attorney fees and all disbursements in this action, as well as sanctions based on the
frivolous nature of the claims asserted by Plaintiff herein. While Defendants stress the point that
Plaintiff as an attorney was not caused to expend any monies in commencing and maintaining
this action, while Defendants were caused to make such expenses in responding thereto, the
Court does not see equity in punishing Plaintiff for the ability to represent himself, and does not
find his conduct to merit punishment in the form of sanctions nor reimbursements, at this point.
As to Plaintiff's Cross-Motion, in light of the above decision of this Court, and there
no longer being an action pending herein, this application is hereby dismissed as moot.
For all the reasons stated herein above and in the totality of the papers submitted
herein, it is, therefore,
ORDERED, that the application of Defendants for an Order is hereby
decided as follows:
1.As to their request for summary judgment in their favor, dismissing all 11 Causes
of Action comprising Plaintiff's Amended Complaint as against Defendants, same is hereby
granted in all respects;
2.As to their request for reasonable attorney fees, disbursements and sanctions
against Plaintiff herein, same is hereby denied in all respects;
and the Complaint herein is hereby dismissed and the action disposed; and it is
further
ORDERED, that the application of Plaintiff for an Order granting summary
judgment in his favor, directing that the subject building be removed, or in the alternative,
striking Defendants' Affirmative Defenses and Counterclaim , and directing an immediate trial
for assessment of damages, is hereby dismissed as moot in light of the above decision of this
Court herein.
Dated:Riverhead, New York
[*6]
December 19, 2007
____________________________________
HON. JEFFREY ARLEN SPINNER, J.S.C.
FINAL DISPOSITIONNON-FINAL DISPOSITION
SCANDO NOT SCAN
TO: